Influenza (flu) and COVID-19 are both contagious respiratory illnesses, but they are caused by different viruses. COVID-19 is caused by infection with a coronavirus, and the flu is caused by infection with an influenza virus.
COVID-19 symptoms generally appear two to 14 days after exposure to SARS-CoV-2. Flu symptoms usually appear about one to four days after exposure to an influenza virus. Both COVID-19 and flu can have varying degrees of signs and symptoms, ranging from no symptoms to severe symptoms. COVID-19 and the flu may cause similar symptoms, making it difficult to differentiate based on symptoms alone. Because of the similarities, testing is imperative to confirm a diagnosis and determine the correct course of treatment. However, there are some differences.
Symptom Comparison
| Symptom or Sign | COVID-19 | Flu |
|---|---|---|
| Cough | Usually (dry) | Usually |
| Muscle aches | Usually | Usually |
| Tiredness | Usually | Usually |
| Sore throat | Usually | Usually |
| Runny or stuffy nose | Usually | Usually |
| Fever | Usually | Usually — not always |
| Nausea or vomiting | Sometimes | Sometimes (more common in children) |
| Diarrhea | Sometimes | Sometimes (more common in children) |
| Shortness of breath or difficulty breathing | Usually | Usually |
| New loss of taste or smell | Usually (early — often without a runny or stuffy nose) | Rarely |
Treatment
Flu: Your healthcare provider might recommend the following to relieve symptoms and support your body’s natural defenses:
- Taking medication, like acetaminophen or ibuprofen, to reduce fever
- Drinking water or receiving intravenous fluids to stay hydrated
- Getting plenty of rest to help the body fight the virus
- Prescription influenza antiviral medications are FDA-approved to treat the flu.
COVID-19: Your healthcare provider might recommend the following to relieve symptoms and support your body’s natural defenses:
- Taking medications, like acetaminophen or ibuprofen, to reduce fever
- Drinking water or receiving intravenous fluids to stay hydrated
- Getting plenty of rest to help the body fight the virus
- For patients who test positive for COVID-19, Paxlovid is the first line of recommended therapy for treatment.
Understanding the differences between flu and COVID-19 is crucial for effective treatment and prevention. If you or a loved one experience symptoms, it’s important to get tested and receive the appropriate care. At Ally Medical Emergency Rooms, we are dedicated to providing comprehensive care for all your medical needs. Visit one of our eight locations for prompt and reliable treatment.
